city in Russia over the zat. Golden Horn and Zat. Amur (M. Japanese), the largest city in the Far East from 1938 National Coastal stol.; Annex 1860 as a Russian military fort, from 1862 port, seat of the governor of the military base of the Siberian Flotilla, 1871 Navy, 1876 civic rights; 1897 train from Khabarovsk , 1903 in Moscow, 1918-1922 ski center. białogwardyjskich troops, 1,922 captured by the army of the Republic of the Far East, came with her to the Russian FSRR; 574 thousand. inhab. (2003); repair yard, ind. machinery, food grade., wood, materials budget., porcelain, sea port, airport, terminal Trans-Siberian railway, the Russian Pacific Fleet base, and deep-sea fishing fleet, and 8 universities (uniw. since 1923), Far Eastern Branch of Rus. Akad. science, scientific inst; museums.
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